: To investigate the effect of the groove structures on the aerodynamic performance and develop a new golf ball

: To investigate the key parameters in ski-jump posture in order to enhance the aerodynamic performance during flight

: To investigate the valve dysfunction due to pannus formation despite no direct contact between the pannus and the leaflets

: To investigate the effects of vascular structures or the shape of stenosis on the pressure drops across a coronary stenosis

: To investigate the flow characteristics in the tracheas of patients with COPD (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

• AMD lift responding to reversed flow
• Separation delayed up to trailing edge of AMD
• Recirculation core(low pressure region) move away, and two longitudinal vortices was attenuated by AMD
• Base pressure is recovered drag reduction